Menuju National Maritime Intelligence Center Indonesia: Arsitektur Maritime Fusion Center Berbasis Artificial Intelligence Untuk Mendukung Pengambilan Keputusan Strategis Keamanan Maritim Nasional
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Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan dengan posisi strategis pada jalur pelayaran internasional menghadapi berbagai ancaman keamanan maritim, seperti penangkapan ikan ilegal, penyelundupan, perompakan, perdagangan manusia, hingga ancaman siber terhadap infrastruktur maritim. Meskipun berbagai kementerian dan lembaga telah memiliki sistem informasi dan pusat komando masing-masing, pengelolaan data keamanan maritim masih bersifat sektoral sehingga menimbulkan fragmentasi informasi, keterbatasan interoperabilitas, dan rendahnya efektivitas dalam mendukung pengambilan keputusan strategis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan arsitektur konseptual National Maritime Intelligence Center (NMIC) sebagai Maritime Fusion Center berbasis Artificial Intelligence (AI) yang mampu mengintegrasikan data dan informasi lintas instansi ke dalam satu ekosistem intelijen maritim nasional. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan conceptual paper dengan metode Design Science Research (DSR) melalui tahapan identifikasi permasalahan, kajian literatur secara sistematis, analisis kesenjangan penelitian (research gap), perancangan arsitektur konseptual, dan penyusunan rekomendasi kebijakan. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan kerangka arsitektur NMIC yang mengintegrasikan Geospatial Intelligence (GEOINT), Artificial Intelligence, Big Data Analytics, Cloud Computing, serta Maritime Common Operational Picture (MCOP) sebagai dasar Decision Support System bagi pengambil keputusan strategis. Arsitektur yang diusulkan menempatkan NMIC sebagai pusat integrasi intelijen maritim nasional (Maritime Fusion Center) yang menghubungkan berbagai pemangku kepentingan, termasuk TNI AL, Bakamla, BIN, BSSN, KKP, Bea Cukai, BMKG, BIG, BRIN, Polairud, dan KPLP, sehingga mampu meningkatkan interoperabilitas data, memperkuat Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA), serta mendukung respons yang lebih cepat, akurat, dan terkoordinasi terhadap berbagai ancaman di wilayah maritim Indonesia. Kontribusi utama penelitian ini adalah penyusunan kerangka konseptual NMIC yang mengintegrasikan dimensi kelembagaan, teknologi, dan tata kelola sebagai referensi bagi pengembangan kebijakan nasional menuju sistem intelijen maritim yang terintegrasi, adaptif, dan berbasis data.
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